Tactical Methods of the Experiment  in Criminal Investigation Procedure

Oxana Ciudin

Oxana Ciudin Doctoral School of Legal and Economic Sciences Moldova State University; assistant, Faculty of Law and Public Administration, Technical University of Moldova

Keywords: experiment; evidence; criminal investigation action; tactical method; criminal procedure

Abstract

The scientific article “Tactical Methods of the Experiment in Criminal Investigation Procedure” addresses a topic of major contemporary relevance for the theory and practice of modern criminalistics, in the context of the increasing complexity of criminal investigation activities. The judicial experiment constitutes an essential evidentiary method, characterized by the performance of experimental actions aimed at verifying, clarifying, and supplementing existing information, as well as contributing to the discovery of new circumstances of the offense. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improve the tactical framework governing this investigative act, as the effectiveness of the experiment depends directly on the correct application of tactical methods developed within criminalistics. The analysis of the cognitive nature of the judicial experiment necessitates the identification and systematization of these methods, which decisively influence the quality and probative value of the results obtained. The significance of the research lies in the valorization of the concept of the tactical method as an element of criminalistic tactics—a concept that has hitherto been applied in a fragmented manner in the study of the judicial experiment. The development and scientific substantiation of tactical methods contribute to enhancing the effectiveness of criminal investigation bodies, ensuring the legality of the evidentiary process, and establishing the truth in criminal cases.

References

Belkin, R. S. (1993). Essays on Forensic Tactics: Textbook. Volgograd: VSSh Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Belkin, R. S. (1959). Theory and Practice of the Investigative Experiment. Moscow: Ed. A. I. Vinberg.
Belkin, R. S. (1964). Experiment in Investigative, Judicial, and Expert Practice. Moscow: Yur. Lit.
Belkin, R. S. & Belkin, A. R. (1997). Experiment in Criminal Proceedings. Moscow: Infram-Norma.
Bilenchuk, P. D., Lisichenko, V. C. & Climenko, N. I. (2001). Forensics: Textbook. Kyiv: Ataka,
Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Moldova: Law of the Republic of Moldova No. 122-XV of March 14, 2003. // Official Gazette of the Republic of Moldova, 2003, No. 104-110. Effective from June 12, 2003
Chulakhov, V. N. (2004). Forensic Study of Skills and Habits. Moscow: Yurlitinform.
Doraș, S. (2011). Forensics. Chisionau: Cartea Juridică Publishing.
Ed. Kolmakov. V.P. (1973). Forensic Technique and Investigative Tactics. Kyiv: Higher School,
Ed. Obraztsov V.A. (2001). Investigative Actions: Forensic Recommendations. Model Documents. Moscow: Yurist,
Ed. Vasiliev A.N. (1980). Forensics. Moscow: Moscow University Press.
Gavrilin, Yu. V., Pobedkin, A. V. & Yashin, V. N. (2006). Investigative Actions: Textbook. Moscow: Knizhny Mir.
Gheorghiță, M. (2017). Treatise on Forensics. Chisinau.
Glazyrin, F. V. & Kruglikov, A. P. (1981). Investigative Experiment: Textbook. Volgograd: Ed. R. S. Belkin.
Gukovskaia, N. I. (1958). Investigative Experiment: A Guide for Investigators. Moscow: State Publishing House of Legal Literature.
Gusakov, A. N. & Filiushchenko, A. A. (1991). Forensic Tactics (Questions and Answers): Textbook. Sverdlovsk: Ural University Press.
Halikov, A. N. (2006). Peculiarities of Investigating Bribery by Law Enforcement Officials. Moscow: Yurlitinform.
Halikov, A. N. (2008). Investigative Actions in Cases of Official Crimes: System, Characteristics, Tactics. Moscow: Yurlitinform.
Jitariuc, V. (2023). The Judicial Experiment in Criminal Proceedings: Concept, Tasks, and Varieties. pp. 123-134, In: Legal Dialogues. Coord. T. TOADER. Iași: „Al. I. Cuza” University Press.
Jitariuc, V., RUSU, V. (2025). Treatise on Forensics. Part II: Forensic Tactics. Bucharest: Pro Universitaria.
Jitariuc, V., Calendari, D. (2025). Criminal Procedural Law. General Part. University Manual. Chisinau: Print-Caro Publishing.
Kolmakov, V. P. (1956). Tactics of Conducting Investigative Inspection and Investigative Experiment. Kharkiv: Kharkiv State University Publishing.
Kolmakov, V. P. & Arotsker, L. E. (1949). Investigative Experiment in Preliminary Investigation: Methodological Guide. Ed. Prof. N. N. Bokarius. Kharkiv: V. V. Dokuchaev Agricultural Institute Press.
Osoianu, T. et. al. (2020). Tactics of Criminal Investigation Actions. Chisinau: Cartea Militară Publishing.
Panov, M. I. et al. (2007). Handbook for Investigators: Scientific and Practical Edition for Investigators and Detectives. Kyiv: In Yure.
Saltevsky, M. V. (2001). Forensics: Textbook for Law Students. Vol. 2: Methodology and Tactics. Kharkiv.
Semenogov, V. V. (2006). Investigation of Murders Concealed by False Scenarios: Monograph. Kharkiv: SPD Vapnyarchuk.
Shepitko, V. Yu. (2009). Reproduction of the Scene and Circumstances of the Event: Essence, Content, Tactics. pp. 8-12, in: Investigative Practice of Ukraine, Kharkiv.
Shumilin, S. F. (2002). Investigative Experiment. In: Manual on Crime Investigation: Textbook. Moscow: Norma; Infra-M.
Yablokov, N. P. (2003). Forensics: Textbook. Moscow: LexEst,
Stratonov, V. M. (2001). Reproduction of the Scene and Circumstances of an Event as a Method of Knowledge During Crime Investigation: Abstract of PhD Thesis. Kharkiv.
Vasiliev, A. N. (1981). Tactics of Individual Investigative Actions. Moscow: Yur. Lit.
Yablokov, N. P. (2003). Forensics: Textbook. Moscow: LexEst.
Zotov, B. L. & Smyslov, V. I. (1984). Tactics of the Investigative Experiment. pp. 282-292, in: Forensics: Textbook. Eds. I. F. Panteleev & N. A. Selivanov. Moscow: Yur. Lit.