DOSAGE OF THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE ACCORDING TO PATIENTS’ RISK CHART DETERMINED BY BIOIMPEDANCE

Abstract

Introduction. Recommendations regarding the correctness of the therapeutic exercises must take into account the patient's body composition, which can be evaluated by bioimpedance. 

Material and method. 21 outpatients were assessed using a single-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer (SF-BIA). Health outcomes such as fat mass (FM), fat-free mass imbalances (FFM), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) were determined. SPSS software version 25 was used for statistical analysis.

Results and discussions. Of the 21 subjects, there are 52.68% men, and 47.62% women. The mean age is 47.81
years ± 18.519 Std. Deviation, Body Mass Index (BMI) mean 26.38 ± 5.768, OneSample T-Test Sig.<.001. Fat-free mass index (FFMI), fat mass index (FMI), and skeletal mass index (SMI) were computed by adjusting with height square. Measuring the variance by ANOVA with one independent variable - BMI and one response variable (FMI Types, FFMI Types), the results were statistically significant. For FMI TypesF(2,18)=9.255, Sig.<0.002, the measure of effect sizeEta Squaredη2=50.7%, Cohen medium effect shows that out of the total variation in BMI, the proportion that can be attributed to FMI Types is 50.7%. For FFMI Types F(2, 18)=10.943, Sig.<0.001, the measure of effect size Eta Squaredη2=54.9%, Cohen medium effect shows that out of the total variation in BMI, the proportion that can be attributed to FFMI Types is 54.9%. FMI somatotype components results are 71.43% adipose cases, 19.05% intermediate, and 9.52% lean. One-Sample Chi-Square test applied to FMI Types reveals the statistical significance of <.05(.001). FFMI somatotype components recorded 57.14% intermediate cases, 23.81% slender, and 19.05% solid. Regression equation of standard BMI and FMI with scatter plots took into consideration the “chair stand test” for pre-sarcopenia with a result of 84.5% No cases and 72.4% Yes cases.
Nine patients exceeded 15 seconds at the chair stand test so probable sarcopenia was identified. Pearson correlation of BMI with FMI (r=.898), FFMI (r=.716) and SMI (r=.772), CI=99% Age (r=.518), CI=95% registered strong direct statistical significance. FMI also correlates with Age (r=.602), CI=95%, and FFMI with SMI (r=.984), CI=99%.

Conclusions. Dosage of the therapeutic exercises applied with cardiac parameters monitoring for FMI Adipose (n=15), FFMI Slender, and Intermediate (n=11) includes resistive, concentric exercises, low-medium intensity progressive, pause integration for homeostasis balance, and a long period of rehabilitation for presarcopenia (n=6). For FFMI Solid, eccentric exercise can be added, medium-high intensity, pause integration for homeostasis balance for a short period with cardiac reserve monitoring. The patient's risk chart regarding fat mass and skeletal muscle mass should be included in the rehabilitation process routine to avoid functional impairment and to improve global functionality.