Calcurile lingvistice în orthografia sau dreapta scrisoare pentru îndreptarea scriitorilor limbii româneşti de Constantin Diaconovici-Loga, Buda, 1818

Abstract

The work „Orthography or the correct spelling to guide Romanian language writers”, by Constantin Diaconovici – Loga, Buda, 1818 fits during the end of 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, thus making it easier to read. Regarding the lexical specificity, we can say that the vocabulary used in Diaconovici-Loga’s Orthography is varied and including, among other well known words, dialects, neologisms, linguistic calques, also derivates formed within the language. Also noticeable is the effort to introduce derivates and lexical families and, most important, the idea to impose new modeled forms. An inventory of modeled forms has been done with a close look on how they were formed. While researching, there is also a comparative analysis of some examples of terms formed by modeling and neological loan taken from the text. The main focus was to compare the words with some similar terms from previous works. There are many noticeable adaptation lexical phenomena of neologisms and that is due the Romanic languages influence. The grammatical terminology is modern. This fact is also due that the text fits a faze when loans from Latin – Romance languages were necessary. Sometimes neologisms come up as a duplicate for the modeled terms. Furthermore, next to the large number of loans from latin we can also notice the preference for the linguistic calques sporadically indicating the neological equivalent for the used calque. Thus, we can remark the casual use of language, the author’s ease of expression which gave him the possibility of constructing a new grammatical terminology, filled with accessible linguistic calques, to define the newly introduced terms, and to clearly and briefly explain them by adding the neological equivalent which is usually Latin origin.