Comparative Characteristics of Martensite and Bainite in Cu-Based SMAs
Keywords:
shape memory alloy, hot forging, martensite, bainite, scanning electron microscopy, atomic fluctuations
Abstract
The present work reports the evolution of micro-structure and shape memory behavior in a Cu-15 Zn-6 Al (mass. %) shape memory alloy (SMA), as a function of the applied hot working procedure and of the performed heat treatments. To this purpose a special compressed-air forging hammer was employed. The samples were heated up to 1023 K into an electric furnace and swaged on a compressed-air forging hammer, by multiple blows. After several blows, the specimens were prepared, by maintaining the main plastic deformation direction, for structural analysis, being cut, embedded, ground, polished and etched. Structural analysis comprised optical (OM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopy observations, performed with the view of emphasizing the morphological aspects of martensite and bainite. To reveal the atomic fluctuations, enabled by hot forging, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDS) measurements were performed by means of SEM analysis. The paper reports the results of OM, SEM and EDS observations, by corroborating the results obtained in martensite and bainite.
References
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[2]. M.-G. Suru, C. Moroşanu, L.-G. Bujoreanu - Variation tendencies of shape memory alloys surface relief as a function of training-cycling parameters, Journal of optoelectronics and advanced materials, 16, 2014, p. 394-400.
[3]. M.-G. Suru, I. Dan, N. M. Lohan, A. L. Paraschiv, B. Pricop, I. P. Spiridon, C. Baciu, L.-G. Bujoreanu - Effects of hot working procedure on surface relief characteristic in an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr shape memory alloy, Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., 45, 2014, p. 44-50.
[4]. H. LIU, N. SI, G. XU - Influence of process factors on shape memory effect of CuZnAl alloys, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 16, 2006, p. 1402-1409.
[5]. J. Fernandez, X. M. Zhang, J. M. Guilemany - A one-cycle training technique for copper-based shape memory alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 139, 2003, p. 117-119.
[6]. C. E. Sobrero, P. La Roca, A. Roatta, R. E. Bolmaro, J. Malarría - Shape memory properties of highly textured Cu–Al–Ni–(Ti) alloys, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 536, 2012, p. 207-215.
[7]. J. M. Jani, M. Leary, A. Subic, M. A. Gibson - A review of shape memory alloy research, applications and opportunities, Materials & Design, 56, 2014, p. 1078-1113.
[8]. L.-G. Bujoreanu - On the influence of austenitization on the morphology of α-phase in tempered Cu–Zn–Al shape memory alloys, Materials Science and Engineering A, 481–482, 2008, p. 395-403.
[9]. R. S. Elliott, D. S. Karls - Entropic stabilization of austenite in shape memory alloys, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 61, 2013, p. 2522-2536.
[10]. M.-G. Suru, A.-L. Paraschiv, N. M. Lohan, B. Pricop, B. Ozkal, L.-G. Bujoreanu - Loading Mode and Environment Effects on Surface Profile Characteristics of Martensite Plates in CuBased SMAs, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, online first, DOI: 10.1007/s11665-014-0951-6.
[11]. M.-G. Suru, L.-G. Bujoreanu - Comparative topographic study of surface micro-relief of primary martensite plates in shape memory alloys with different crystalline structures, Mat.-wiss. u.Werkstofftech, 43, 2012, p. 973-978.
[12]. M. Blanco, J. T. C. Barragan, N. Barelli, R. D. Noce, C. S. Fugivara, J. Fernández, A. V. Benedetti - On the electrochemical behavior of Cu–16%Zn–6.5%Al alloy containing the β′-phase (martensite) in borate buffer, Electrochimica Acta, 107, 2013, p. 238-247.
[13]. J. X. Zhang, Y. X. Liu, W. Cai, L. C. Zhao - The mechanisms of two way-shape memory effect in a Cu-Zn-Al alloy, Materials Letters, 33, 1997, p. 211-214.
[14]. R. Abeyaratne, J. K. Knowles - On the kinetics of an austenite → martensite phase transformation induced by impact in a Cu-Al-Ni shape-memory alloy, Acta Materialia, 45, 1997, p. 1671-1683.
[15]. A. M. Furlani, M. Stipcich, R. Romero - Phase decomposition in a β Cu–Zn–Al–Ti–B shape memory alloy, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 392, 2005, p. 386-393.
[16]. N. F. Kennon, D. P. Dunne - Shape strains associated with thermally-induced and stress-induced martensite in a Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloy, Acta Metallurgica, 30, 1982, p. 429-435.
[17]. M. G. Suru, A. L. Paraschiv, B. Pricop, L. G. Bujoreanu - A statistical evaluation of thermomechanical loading effects on martensite plate morphology in CuZnAl SMAs, Optoelectronics and advanced materials – rapid communications, 7, 2013, p. 141-144.
[18]. L. G. Bujoreanu, S. Stanciu, P. Bârsănescu, N. M. Lohan - Study of the transitory formation of α1 bainite, as a precursor of αphase in tempered SMAs, Proc. of SPIE, 7297, 2009, 72970B-1-5.
[19]. G. Sidhu, S. D. Bhole, D. L. Chen, E. Essadiqi - An improved model for bainite formation at isothermal temperatures, Scripta Materialia, 64, 2011, p. 73-76.
[20]. O. Bouaziz, P. Maugis, J. D. Embury - Bainite tip radius prediction by analogy with indentation, Scripta Materialia, 54, 2006, p. 1527-1529.
[21]. G. Vitel, A. L. Paraschiv, M. G. Suru, N. Cimpoeșu, L.-G. Bujoreanu - Tempering effects in a normalized hot forged Cu-ZnAl shape memory alloy, Optoelectronics and advanced materials – rapid communications, 6, 2012, p. 339-342.
Published
2014-09-15
How to Cite
1.
MIHALACHE E, LOHAN M-N, PRICOP B, BUJOREANU L-G, SURU M-G. Comparative Characteristics of Martensite and Bainite in Cu-Based SMAs. The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science [Internet]. 15Sep.2014 [cited 3May2024];37(3):36-0. Available from: https://www.gup.ugal.ro/ugaljournals/index.php/mms/article/view/2313
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