Water-in-Diesel Emulsions as Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines. Part I: Water-in-Diesel Emulsions. A Literature Review
Keywords:
water-in-diesel emulsion, diesel engines, combustion, emissions
Abstract
Although emulsions have found numerous and various applications in chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries, emulsions of water in diesel fuel are applicable alternative fuels for the existing diesel engines.
Water-in-diesel emulsion fuel can improve the combustion efficiency of a diesel engine and reduce harmful exhaust emission, especially nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.
In general, due to the lower heating values of water-in-diesel emulsion fuels, torque and power produced by diesel engines fueled with emulsified fuels are lower as compared to the neat diesel fuel.
The heterogeneous results regarding the use of water-in-diesel emulsions as fuel for diesel engines suggest that more experimental work for optimizing the emulsion formulation is recommended.
References
[1]. Sheng H-Z., Zhang Z-P., Wu C-K., Study of atomization and micro-explosion of water-in-diesel fuel emulsion droplets in spray within a high temperature, high pressure bomb, International Symposium COMODIA 90, p. 275-280, 1990.
[2]. Yang W. M. et al., Impact of emulsion fuel with nano-organic additives on the performanceof diesel engine, Applied Energy 112, 2013, p. 1206-1212.
[3]. Ghannam M. T., Selim M. Y. E., Stability Behavior of Waterin-Diesel Fuel Emulsion, Petroleum Science and Technology, 27, p. 396-411, 2009.
[4]. Ithnin A. M. et al., An overview of utilizing water-in-diesel emulsion fuel in diesel engine and its potential research study. Journal of the Energy Institute, 87, 2014, p. 273-288.
[5]. Canfield C. A., Effects of diesel-water emulsion combustion on diesel engine NOx emissions [M.S. thesis], Mechanical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla, USA, 1999.
[6]. Ghojel J., Honnery D., Al-Khaleefi K., Performance, emissions and heat release characteristics of direct injection diesel engine operating on diesel oil emulsion, Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 26, no. 17-18, p. 2132-2141, 2006.
[7]. Lif A., Holmberg K., Water-in-diesel emulsions and related systems, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, p. 123-126, 2006.
[8]. Ballester J. M., Fueyo N., Dopazo C., Combustion characteristics of heavy oil–water emulsions, Fuel 1996, 75, p. 695-705.
[9]. Armas O. et al., Characterization of light duty Diesel engine pollutant emissions using water-emulsified fuel, Fuel, 84, 2005, p. 1011-1018.
[10]. Suresh V. et al., Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine using Water-in-Diesel Emulsified Fuel and its CFD Analysis, International Journal of Applied Environmental Sciences, ISSN 0973-6077, Volume 9, Number 5, 2014, p. 2739-2749.
[11]. Ke-Le Yan et al., Experimental and modeling studies on the viscosity of (dieseloil + water + anti-agglomerant) system at high pressures, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 377, 2014, p. 9-15.
[12]. Nadeem M. et al., Diesel engine performance and emission evaluation using emulsified fuels stabilized by conventional and gemini surfactants, Fuel, 85, 2006, p. 2111-2119.
[13]. Khan M. Y. et al., Current trends in water-in-diesel emulsion as a fuel. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2014, Article ID 527472, 15 pages.
[14]. Z. Fu et al., Stabilization of water-in-octane nano-emulsion. Part I: Stabilized by mixed surfactant systems, Fuel, 89, 2010, p. 2838-2843.
[15]. Schramm L. L., Emulsions, Foams and Suspensions: Fundamentals and Applications, Copyright@2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, ISBN: 3-527-30743.
[16]. Ithnin A. M. et al., Combustion performance and emission analysis of diesel engine fuelled with water-in-diesel emulsion fuel made from low-grade diesel fuel, Energy Conversion and Management, 90, 2015, p. 375-382.
[17]. Alahmer A. et al., Engine performance using emulsified diesel fuel, Energy Conversion and Management, 51, 2010, p. 1708-1713.
[18]. Schuch A., Wrenger J., Schuchmann H. P., Production of W/O/W double emulsions. Part II: Influence ofemulsification device on release of water by coalescence, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 461, 2014, p. 344-351.
[19]. Anton N., Vandamme T. F., Nano-emulsions and Microemulsions: Clarifications of the Critical Differences, Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC, 2010.
[20]. Ochoterena R. et al., Optical studies of spray development and combustion of water-in-diesel emulsion and microemulsion fuels, Fuel, 89, 2010, p. 122-132.
[21]. Yang W. M. et al., Impact of emulsion fuel with nanoorganic additives on the performance of diesel engine, Applied Energy, 112, 2013, p. 1206-1212.
[22]. Fan X. et al., A new emulsifier behavior of the preparation for micro-emulsified diesel oil, Petroleum Science and Technology, Vol. 26, p. 2125-2136, 2008.
[23]. Morozumi Y., Saito Y., Effect of Physical Properties on Microexplosion Occurrence in Water-in-Oil Emulsion Droplets, Energy Fuels, Vol. 24, 2010, p. 1854-1859.
[24]. Alahmer A., Influence of using emulsified diesel fuel on the performance and pollutants emitted from diesel engine, Energy Conversion and Management, 73, 2013, p. 361-369.
[2]. Yang W. M. et al., Impact of emulsion fuel with nano-organic additives on the performanceof diesel engine, Applied Energy 112, 2013, p. 1206-1212.
[3]. Ghannam M. T., Selim M. Y. E., Stability Behavior of Waterin-Diesel Fuel Emulsion, Petroleum Science and Technology, 27, p. 396-411, 2009.
[4]. Ithnin A. M. et al., An overview of utilizing water-in-diesel emulsion fuel in diesel engine and its potential research study. Journal of the Energy Institute, 87, 2014, p. 273-288.
[5]. Canfield C. A., Effects of diesel-water emulsion combustion on diesel engine NOx emissions [M.S. thesis], Mechanical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla, USA, 1999.
[6]. Ghojel J., Honnery D., Al-Khaleefi K., Performance, emissions and heat release characteristics of direct injection diesel engine operating on diesel oil emulsion, Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 26, no. 17-18, p. 2132-2141, 2006.
[7]. Lif A., Holmberg K., Water-in-diesel emulsions and related systems, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, p. 123-126, 2006.
[8]. Ballester J. M., Fueyo N., Dopazo C., Combustion characteristics of heavy oil–water emulsions, Fuel 1996, 75, p. 695-705.
[9]. Armas O. et al., Characterization of light duty Diesel engine pollutant emissions using water-emulsified fuel, Fuel, 84, 2005, p. 1011-1018.
[10]. Suresh V. et al., Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine using Water-in-Diesel Emulsified Fuel and its CFD Analysis, International Journal of Applied Environmental Sciences, ISSN 0973-6077, Volume 9, Number 5, 2014, p. 2739-2749.
[11]. Ke-Le Yan et al., Experimental and modeling studies on the viscosity of (dieseloil + water + anti-agglomerant) system at high pressures, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 377, 2014, p. 9-15.
[12]. Nadeem M. et al., Diesel engine performance and emission evaluation using emulsified fuels stabilized by conventional and gemini surfactants, Fuel, 85, 2006, p. 2111-2119.
[13]. Khan M. Y. et al., Current trends in water-in-diesel emulsion as a fuel. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2014, Article ID 527472, 15 pages.
[14]. Z. Fu et al., Stabilization of water-in-octane nano-emulsion. Part I: Stabilized by mixed surfactant systems, Fuel, 89, 2010, p. 2838-2843.
[15]. Schramm L. L., Emulsions, Foams and Suspensions: Fundamentals and Applications, Copyright@2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, ISBN: 3-527-30743.
[16]. Ithnin A. M. et al., Combustion performance and emission analysis of diesel engine fuelled with water-in-diesel emulsion fuel made from low-grade diesel fuel, Energy Conversion and Management, 90, 2015, p. 375-382.
[17]. Alahmer A. et al., Engine performance using emulsified diesel fuel, Energy Conversion and Management, 51, 2010, p. 1708-1713.
[18]. Schuch A., Wrenger J., Schuchmann H. P., Production of W/O/W double emulsions. Part II: Influence ofemulsification device on release of water by coalescence, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 461, 2014, p. 344-351.
[19]. Anton N., Vandamme T. F., Nano-emulsions and Microemulsions: Clarifications of the Critical Differences, Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC, 2010.
[20]. Ochoterena R. et al., Optical studies of spray development and combustion of water-in-diesel emulsion and microemulsion fuels, Fuel, 89, 2010, p. 122-132.
[21]. Yang W. M. et al., Impact of emulsion fuel with nanoorganic additives on the performance of diesel engine, Applied Energy, 112, 2013, p. 1206-1212.
[22]. Fan X. et al., A new emulsifier behavior of the preparation for micro-emulsified diesel oil, Petroleum Science and Technology, Vol. 26, p. 2125-2136, 2008.
[23]. Morozumi Y., Saito Y., Effect of Physical Properties on Microexplosion Occurrence in Water-in-Oil Emulsion Droplets, Energy Fuels, Vol. 24, 2010, p. 1854-1859.
[24]. Alahmer A., Influence of using emulsified diesel fuel on the performance and pollutants emitted from diesel engine, Energy Conversion and Management, 73, 2013, p. 361-369.
Published
2015-03-15
How to Cite
1.
VRABIE V, SCARPETE D, CHIOSA BE. Water-in-Diesel Emulsions as Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines. Part I: Water-in-Diesel Emulsions. A Literature Review. The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science [Internet]. 15Mar.2015 [cited 6May2024];38(1):84-1. Available from: https://www.gup.ugal.ro/ugaljournals/index.php/mms/article/view/1378
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